编者按：近年来，北京市全面落实首都城市战略定位，完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，主动服务和融入新发展格局，一系列创新治理改革措施扎实推进，各项惠民、利民的公共政策持续实施。

为帮助国际社会和在京外籍机构及人士更好地从“小词”中读懂北京，助力国际交往中心功能建设和北京高水平开放高质量发展，北京市人民政府外事办公室翻译中心与北京第二外国语学院中国公共政策翻译研究院联合推出“读懂北京Keywords”，以《政府工作报告》和其他重要公共政策文件为依托，集中推出年度政策热词及其权威解释中英双语对照译法。

“读懂北京Keywords 2022”包括高质量发展、规划建设、基层民生等6个版块，用28个新鲜出炉的政务关键词，带您一起了解首都的新发展、新成就。

基层民生

20. 两个“关键小事”

Two important "minor" details

即垃圾分类和物业管理，是近年来北京市提升市民生活质量和城市精细化治理能力的重要抓手。

These are waste sorting and property management, which have in recent years become the focus of government efforts to improve the life of the people through meticulous municipal management.

21. 每月一题

"One issue per month"

即接诉即办“每月一题”机制，2021年起，北京市从上年度12345热线市民诉求中筛选出基层和市民普遍反映突出、长期解决不好、适合在市级层面制定新政策统筹解决的问题，采取高位推动、每月调度、重点督办的方式，每月围绕1个主题、选取2-3个具体问题，每个问题由一位分管市领导统筹、一个部门牵头负主责，相关单位协同配合，积极推动问题解决，提升群众的获得感。 

This is a mechanism for dealing with public complaints. In 2021, Beijing began to select thorny chronic issues that call for municipal-level policies and coordination from among public complaints made via the "12345" hotline in the previous year.

Each month, one such issue with two to three specific problems is addressed through action initiatives, deployment planning and focused supervision. For each issue, a lead department works under a municipal leader responsible for coordinating cross-departmental efforts, in order to solve the issue to the public's satisfaction.

22. 时间银行

Time banking

即以时间银行模式发展为老公益志愿服务，主要包括构建市、区、街道（乡镇）三级养老服务时间银行管理体系，统一搭建养老服务时间银行信息管理平台，规范制定养老志愿服务实施流程。时间银行以1个小时为一个服务时间单位，以时间币的方式进行记录储蓄。志愿者在本人或其配偶达到60周岁且有服务需求时，通过时间币进行兑换，可享受其他志愿者提供的养老志愿服务。

Time banking is a mode of voluntary service for the benefit of senior citizens. Beijing will develop a three-tiered time banking system for eldercare at the city, district, and sub-district/township levels. For this purpose, it will put in place an integrated information platform and standard procedures.

Time banking uses one hour as a service time unit and records savings in the form of time coins. When volunteers or their spouses who have reached the age of 60 need care services, they may redeem services from other volunteers with their previously credited service hours in the Time Bank.

23. 一抓三保五强化 

One focus on employment with three priorities and five measures

是北京市推动实现更加充分更高质量就业的综合举措，“一抓”即坚持把就业体系运行机制建设，作为落实就业优先战略的重要抓手；“三保”即始终把保障重点群体就业，保障中小微企业发展，保障创新创业作为稳保就业的基础、守住底线的关键，加大政策和资金支持力度；“五强化”即强化政策系统性、服务便利性、市场主导性、培训实效性、执法针对性。该做法作为典型经验受到国务院办公厅表扬。

This is a package of policy measures aimed at fuller and higher-quality employment. Their focus is on improving operations of the employment system, which is key to our employment strategy.

The three priorities are ensuring employment access for priority groups, providing development opportunities for SMEs, and encouraging and promoting innovation and entrepreneurship. These are critical measures that hold the line on employment. Policy and financial support for these measures will be increased. The five measures are efforts to formulate more consistent policies, make services more easily accessible, give the market a greater role, offer more effective training, and improve law enforcement.

This approach was cited as a best practice by the General Office of the State Council.